I. YAKOVLEV CHUVASH STATE PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY BULLETIN

sentence, Russian language, English language, English-speaking person, Russian as a foreign language

The article studies the types of sentences in Russian and in English in communicative, structural and semantic aspects that are important in teaching Russian as a Foreign Language. The growing interest of English speakers in learning Russian as a foreign language requires identifying and systematizing similarities and differences between their native language (second mother tongue or intermediary language) and the target language. This paper singles out typological correspondences between the sentences in Russian and in English, which enable a teacher to optimize and intensify the process of teaching English speakers Russian as a Foreign Language. The author outlines that the communicative types of sentences in the traditional classifications are identical in Russian and English. According to the semantic aspect, there is a large number of similar structures: existence, state, action sentences. The structural types of sentences, on the one hand, demonstrate some similarities, on the other hand, show the most significant differences in the two languages. There are simple and complex sentences, and syntactic complexes in both languages, and the types of sentences are generally the same. The author of the article finds and systematizes the differences in the syntactic structures of the two languages in order to anticipate errors that English speakers may have when studying Russian as a foreign language. The main differences that require the teacher’s attention are one-member sentences in Russian; verbal phrases; object clauses; complex sentences with clauses of time, condition, place, purpose, comparison; the order of words in a sentence (mainly the principal members).

Сергиенко Наталья Викторовна – кандидат филологических наук, доцент кафедры английского языка Алтайского государственного педагогического университета, г. Барнаул, Россия, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8536-1806, sergienkonat@mail.ru