I. YAKOVLEV CHUVASH STATE PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY BULLETIN

Nature and Humans, novella, dialog with nature, structure of character, characters with “a split soul”, deliberately “cracked” characters, unconsciously “broken” characters

Nature and humans in Turgenev’s novellas (“The trip to Polesie”, “Enough”, “Ghosts”, “Faust”) are in focus. The paper dwells upon Turgenev’s philosophy on this issue. The conclusions are partly based on his epistolaria.

The author analyzes the characters with a “split soul”. According to Mikhail Gerschenzon’s theory, the first type contains the characters without “internal consistency”. The second type contains the characters of harmonized nature. There are also two types of characters with a “split soul” in Turgenev’s novellas: deliberately “cracked” characters, and unconsciously “broken” characters. The characters with a “split soul” are represented as 1) vividly juxtaposed to ignorant nature, and 2) disclose their features in the plots. The characters’ love stories play as a representation.

Both types of Turgenev’s characters are under analysis. The deliberately “cracked” characters clearly understand their inner ambiguity. They have the strong fear of the elements. The unconsciously “broken” characters are unaware of their inner ambiguity. They unconsciously follow the deliberately “cracked” characters that try to save them from the mysterious forces of nature. This opposition to nature and its forces ends tragically.

кандидат филологических наук, доцент кафедры иностранных языков Московского государственного университета технологий и управления им. К. Г. Разумовского (Первый казачий университет), г. Москва, Россия; e-mail: elenaskudnakova@gmail.com