I. YAKOVLEV CHUVASH STATE PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY BULLETIN

Yakut language, Evenk language, phonostructural features, phoneme, phytonyms, medicinal plants, edable plants, lexical parallels

The article considers the phonostructural features of the medicinal and edable plants’ names in the Yakut language in comparison with the Evenk lexemes. Since ancient times, plants have been playing an important role in the activities of the indigenous peoples of the north. The lexis of the Yakut plants (medicinal and edable phytonyms), being a separate lexical-semantic group, is of great interest due to its being studied rather poorly. The vocabulary of plants’ names in the Yakut language has not been the object of specific scientific research in a comparative aspect with the Evenk language until now. The purpose of this study is to identify the phonostructural features of the Yakut medicinal and edible plants’ names in comparison with the Evenk lexemes. Lexicographic sources on the Yakut and Even languages, as well as the linguistic material collected in the course of the field work and expeditionary research in the regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) served as the material for the research. The article employs comparative, typological, structural, descriptive and quantitative-statistical methods. The analysis revealed 25 main lexical stems related to the Yakut-Even lexical parallels, denoting the names of medicinal and edable plants within the following thematic groups: “horsetail” (2), “hawthorn” (4), “dwarf cedar” (2), “reindeer moss/moss” 4), “red currant” (2), “sedge” (2), “black currant” (2), “larch” (3), “aspen” 2), “rhubarb” (2). The phonostructural analysis of the lexical parallels of the Yakut language in comparison with the Evenk language also revealed the stability of the phonostructural designs; peculiarities of the changes in the phonostructural types of the Yakut forms in comparison with the Evenk stems; the main reasons for the stability of the phonostructures of the nominal foundations of the Evenk language in the Yakut language; consonant/vowel correspondence.

Малышева Нинель Васильевна – кандидат филологических наук, доцент Института языков и культуры народов Северо-Востока Российской Федерации Северо-Восточного федерального университета имени М. К. Аммосова г. Якутск; докторант Института языкознания РАН, г. Москва, Россия;e-mail: ninel_malysheva@mail.ru

Осорова Марина Анатольевна – аспирант Института языков и культуры народов Северо-Востока Российской Федерации Северо-Восточного федерального университета имени М. К. Аммосова, г. Якутск, Россия; e-mail: me.marine@mail.ru