I. YAKOVLEV CHUVASH STATE PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY BULLETIN

Lezgin folklore, aphoristic genres of folklore, riddles, proverbs, sayings

This study attempts to distinguish between aphoristic genres of the Lezgin folklore: folk proverbs, sayings and riddles. The author considers the principles for their differentiation. The object of the study is the aphoristic genres of the Lezgin folklore, since, along with other genres of folklore, they occupy a prominent position with their inherent narrative prevalence. The study seems very illustrative in terms of identifying the specifics and interaction of the three discussed genres (proverbs, sayings and riddles) which fall into the same group. The Lezgin proverbs are the grains of wisdom, striking words that have a generalizing character and are enclosed in a concise and expressive form. Proverbs have their own structure and are distinguished by their internal artistic unity. The Lezgin sayings are accurate figurative expressions that enrich spoken language, make it original and emotionally rich; it is metaphorization and allegory without moralizing. These expressions in an indirect, hidden verbal form speak of someone or something and express the speaker’s attitude to what is being said. Riddles are poetically intricate descriptions of an object or phenomenon, aiming to test a person’s quick wits, as well as to reveal the poetic beauty and richness of the material world. The subject of the study is to show the differences and similarities of these genres.

Гашарова Аида Руслановна – кандидат филологических наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела фольклора Института языка, литературы и искусства им. Г. Цадасы Дагестанского федерального исследовательского центра Российской академии наук; e-mail: aida.2015@yandex.ru